Three of the five naked-eye planets emerge in the fading afterglow of sunset. The first-quarter Moon Tuesday passes as close to straight up as you may ever see it. And can you try for Sirius B?
How do galaxies evolve? When did they start forming? Those are questions astronomers and cosmologists are working to answer. The standard evolutionary path includes early bright star-forming activity, a middle age, and then a quiescent old age where they stop making stars. That changes if the galaxy happens to collide with another one, because that spurs new bouts of starbirth. It's been this way since stars and galaxies first began forming, hundreds of millions of years after the Big Bang.

